Firewood and fossil fuels are two main conventional energy sources. Disclaimer | Mineral resources are the key material basis for socio-economic development. Jan 05, 2021 - Chapter Notes : Chapter 3 - Minerals & Power Resources, Class 8, Social Science | EduRev Notes is made by best teachers of Class 8. In sedimentary rocks, non-metallic minerals like limestone and phosphate and metallic minerals like manganese can be found. Coal is referred to as buried sunshine because coal which is used today was formed millions of years ago when giant ferns and swamps got buried under the layers of earth. About Us | World’s largest producer of diamonds, gold and platinum is Africa. Minerals are found in igneous rock, metamorphic rocks and sedimentary rocks. In this section, we will look at the distribution of various minerals. The temperature in the interior of the earth rises steadily as we go deeper and some times this heat energy may surface itself in the form of hot springs. Preparing for IIT JEE or AIPMT or CA CPT, © Copyright Pivotal | Mention the distribution of minerals in North America. Q48. Describe the characteristics that all minerals share. Largest producer of bauxite in the world. The mineral fuels like coal and petroleum are also non-metallic minerals. Ore: Rocks from which minerals are mined are known as ores. Examples are limestone, mica, gypsum, coal and petroleum. Minerals are mostly found in the form of ores and need to be extracted and purified before being used. Organic waste such as dead plant and animal material, animal dung and kitchen waste can be converted into a gaseous fuel called biogas. Gold deposits can be found in Kolar mines in Karnataka which are one of the deepest mines in the world. Heat energy obtained from the earth is called geothermal energy. Mineral and Power Resources Class 8 CBSE Notes Important Terms. Distribution of Minerals. Identify the groups in which minerals are classified and their characteristics. Explain with examples three economic factors influencing the population distribution in the world. Very few countries of the world have sufficient natural gas reserves of their own. Minerals which are used for gems are usually hard. The mineral deposits in North America are located in three zones: the Canadian region north of the Great Lakes. Geology of Antarctica is sufficiently well known to predict the existence of variety of mineral deposits, some probably large. A mineral is a pure inorganic substancethat occurs naturally in the earth’s crust. There are three methods to extract minerals. Fig 3.6: World: Distribution of Mineral Oil and Coal. Here are 5 maps of where gold is found in the world while highlights zones where is the most gold found on the planet. Other minerals like zinc, manganese, copper and fluoride are also required in very small amounts in our diet. Some gemstones like diamonds, sapphires, emeralds and rubies are rare and very expensive and are known as precious stones. 2. It is very essential for the production of haemoglobin, which is the primary component of red blood cells. Norway was the first country in the world to develop hydroelectricity. Chile and Peru are leading producers of copper. Europe is the leading producer of iron ore in the world. India is the largest producer and exporter of mica in the world. Aluminium is used for making automobiles and airplanes. 5. Brazil produces high grade iron ore and is its largest producer in the world. Mica deposits mainly occur in Jharkhand, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan. Example; Katanga Zambia copper belt in Africa. India is the leading producer of mica in the world. Distribution of Minerals. Chile and Peru are leading producers of The best app for CBSE students now provides Industries class 8 Notes Geography latest chapter wise notes for quick preparation … Minerals can be identified on the basis of their, physical properties such as colour, density, hardness. Minerals are used in many industries. Minerals are also essential for all living beings. More than two-thousand minerals have been identified and most of these are inorganic, which are form… The increasing use of fossil fuels is leading to its shortage. We hope the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources, help you. Rocks appear different in colour due to the minerals present in them. These fuels undergo nuclear fission in nuclear reactors and emit power. Among the world’s leading producers of tin are China, Malaysia and Indonesia followed by Brazil and Bolivia which are the largest producers of tin. Here we focus on the world-class Río Blanco PCD in the Andes of central Chile, where Ag is a by-product of Cu mining. Future developments in the regional distribution of mineral deposits 7. South Africa, Zimbabwe and Zaire produce a large portion of the world’s gold. China, Malaysia and Indonesia are among the world… India is also one of the leading producers and exporters of salt. During high tide the energy of tides is used to turn the turbine installed in the dam to produce electricity. Manganese is a key component in the production of iron and steel. The mineral is mainly found in Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Goa, Maharashtra and Karnataka. Answer: (i) Class 8 Geography Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources Exercise Questions. Rock: An aggregate of one or more minerals but without definite composition of constituent of mineral. Differentiate between a rock and an ore. Q51. The major petroleum producing countries in the world are Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia and Qatar. Firewoods and fossil fuels are the two main conventional energy. Minerals are also found in rocks and sea bed. It forms the backbone of industrial development. Minerals can be extracted by mining, drilling or quarrying. is released when the crude oil is brought to the surface. Like iron ore, manganese and chromites contains iron. To conserve mineral resources it is necessary to reduce wastage in the process of mining and with the recycling of metals is another way in which the mineral resources can be conserved. (iv) Metallic and non-metallic minerals. Iron is present in every living cell. Solar energy trapped from the sun can be used in solar cells to produce electricity. Non-metallic minerals like limestone and phosphate, and metallic minerals like manganese can be found in sedimentary rocks. Question 1 Name any three common minerals used by you every day. In this chapter we will cover:1. Power resources are broadly categorised as conventional and non-conventional resources. The energy resources which have been in common use for a long time are known as conventional sources. It is the world’s largest producer of diamonds, gold and platinum. Statistical results show that more than 95% of energy used by mankind, 80% industrial raw materials and 70% raw materials for agricultural production are from mineral resources. Q47. Tidal energy can be harnessed by building dams at narrow openings of the sea. Concluding remarks Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketches Summary The world’s population annually consumes about 32 billion tonnes of mineral resources valued at … is an inexhaustible and non-polluting form of energy, is the heat/light of Sun which is the primary source of all energy on the earth, Solar panel, made up of a number of solar cells that absorb solar energy and convert it into electricity, are used to convert solar energy into heat and electrical energy, can be effectively used in tropical countries that receive abundant sunlight, is renewable, low-cost, safe and clean source of energy, Wind mills are used to produce electricity, is the energy generated from tides which are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun and the rotation of the earth, is a non-polluting and inexhaustible source of energy, is the energy stored in the nuclei of radioactive elements like uranium and thorium, is produced during nuclear fission when the nucleus is split. China and India have large iron ore deposits and the continent produces more than half of the world’s tin. (a) Minerals are present in impure form and it takes millions of year to form these minerals. Disadvantages of using coal as fuel are that it. ), any surface action (wind, rain, rivers, oceans, etc.) Petroleum and its derivatives are called Black Gold because they are very valuable. Class-8CBSE Board - Distribution of Minerals - LearnNext offers animated video lessons with neatly explained examples, Study Material, FREE NCERT Solutions, Exercises and Tests. Rate at which they are consumed due to rapid growth in population might be the reason that they get exhausted soon. Minerals are found in igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. These minerals are inert and non-reactive and present in deep layers of earth or the oceans. In South America there are deposits of gold, silver, zinc, chromium, manganese, bauxite, mica, platinum, asbestos and diamond. Other minerals like zinc, manganese, copper and fluoride are also required in very small amounts in our diet. Asia produces more than half of the world’s tin. The distribution of population in the world is uneven. South America also has large deposits of gold silver, zinc, chromium, manganese, bauxite, mica, platinum, asbestos and diamond. Minerals are mostly extracted to isolate metals … Metallic minerals are mostly found in igneous and metamorphic rocks like copper, nickel, platinum, chromites and iron. It is found between the layers of rocks and is drilled from oil fields located in off-shore and coastal areas. In India Thorium is found in large quantities in Monazite sands of Kerala. Power resources are required for industrial and domestic use, agriculture, transport, communication and defence. Solution: Gold, salt and copper are common minerals used by people every day. What are the uses of minerals? Copper is used for making coins, electrical wires, pipes, etc. used to make jewellery, medallions and coins, Certain minerals are called gemstones and are. Choose the correct option. In India, the major coal producing areas are Raniganj, Jharia, Dhanbad and Bokaro in Jharkhand. This document is highly rated by Class 8 students and has been viewed 12269 times. Non-metallic Minerals: They are limestone, nitrate, potash, mica, gypsum, coal, petroleum. (c) Minerals are non-renewable 'exhaustible' resources. clear. Mineral based industries are the backbone of industrial development of a nation. Jharkhand, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh are major mica producing states. • Salt: It is obtained from seas, lakes and rocks. The leading producers of hydro power in the world are Paraguay, Norway, Brazil, and China. Some gemstones like turquoise, garnet, amethyst, aquamarine, topaz, moonstone, peridot and opal are not as rare and are known as semi-precious stones. With Class 8 exam 2019 coming close, we have covered Class 8 exam 2018, 2017 & 2016 as well to get you a perfect result for Class 8. (b) Minerals are unevenly distributed throughout the world. This heat energy can be used to generate power. Mining needs cheap labour and resources to extract it off. Oil is found in Nigeria, Libya and Angola. During nuclear fission huge amount of heat and light energy is released. One-fourth of the world’s electricity is produced by hydel power. Iron ore, nickel, copper minerals are found in igneous and metamorphic rocks. Silicon is obtained from quartz and Aluminium is obtained from its ore bauxite. Africa is rich in mineral resources. This is called hydroelectricity. (a) Iron ore (b) Bauxite (c) Limestone (d) Manganese ore (ii) Which continent produces more than half of the world’s tin? The Ayers Rock in Western Australia is known to change colour every day and in every season depending on the light falling on it.. Plateau region of India such as Deccan and chota Nagpur plateau provides the rich level of mineral distribution. Leading producer of gold, diamond, iron ore, tin and nickel. The fossil fuels are limited in stock and hence non-renewable so are important to be conserved. NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography SST Mineral and Power Resources NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography SST Mineral and Power Resources. The energy derived from flowing water is called hydropower. The nuclear power stations in India are located in Kalpakkam in Tamilnadu, Tarapur in Maharashtra Ranapratap Sagar near Kota in Rajasthan, Narora in Uttar Pradesh and Kaiga in Karnataka. is the heat energy stored inside the earth, can be seen dissipated on the earth’s surface in the form of hot springs, natural geysers and volcanoes, is also a renewable source of energy which is produced from biomass that includes wood from trees, matter from dead plants and animals, waste from other plants, animal dung and kitchen waste, can be used to generate electricity, light, heat, motion and fuel, is a low-cost source of energy, easy to operate, and uses bio-waste. Minerals are naturally occurring substances that have a definite chemical composition. Question 1. Metals are the hard substances that conduct heat and electricity and have characteristics lustre or shine. Asia also has deposits of manganese, bauxite, nickel, zinc and copper. 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